SECTION IX - FACILITY LOAD AND OTHER DESIGN CRITERIA

9.01 SITING

All proposed structures will be located at the highest possible elevation that meets users' needs with site selection, based on soil types, erosion potential, and present shoreline erosion problems.

1. Buildings. Buildings are generally located in areas of tree cover providing the recreational user with isolation and screening from other uses or activities and providing an aesthetically pleasing area.



2. Topography. The topography of the area will be utilized to the best possible advantage by placement of the buildings to provide the user with a scenic view.



3. Trails. The siting of trails was determined by the locations that would provide the best water and nature orientation. Trails are generally located below 395.0 feet NGVD flood pool elevation. In some areas trails will be used by operational vehicles for service and maintenance. A typical section is shown on PLATE 22.



4. Roads. Road siting where possible was limited to level areas located away from extensive tree cover, and above flood pool.

9.02 ROADS

See PLATE 22.

9.03 BOAT LAUNCHING RAMPS

See PLATE 22.

9.04 PICNIC SHELTERS

See PLATE 22.

9.05 SWIMMING BEACH

See PLATE 22.

9.06 COMFORT STATIONS

See PLATE 22.

9.07 SIGNS

All new signs will be installed, as required, by project personnel and will conform to OCE Sign Manual, EP 310-1-6, and the Graphic Standards Manual, EP 310-106.

9.08 INTERPRETIVE DEVICES

Nature trails, markers, visual aids, and displays are provided by lake personnel, as required.

9.09 WASTE AND DISPOSAL

Trash and refuse collection and disposal services are contracted to private haulers. A partnership is in place for a community recycle center presently located at the Eagle Point Recreation Area with the Ozark Foothills Regional Planning Commission. This nor-for-profit organization provides and maintains recycling bins for glass, plastic, newspaper, tin and aluminum to reduce the amount of solid waste going to the landfill.

9.10 WATER AND SEWER - DESIGN CRITERIA

1. Waste Collection and Treatment. Sewer design is to be in accordance with the requirements of the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, and Corps of Engineers Memorandum EM 1110-1-400: Planning and Design Criteria, and other standards and conditions as required by the Corps of Engineers.




Generally, sewers will be located to obtain maximum use of gravity flow mains by following contours. Lift stations and force mains were provided as necessary to transfer flow from locations having low ground elevations relative to the ground elevation downstream. Where possible, gravity sewers from several buildings will be grouped to intersect at a common lift station. For planning purposes, gravity sewers are based upon 8-inch diameter PVC service laterals.



Lift Station sizing is based upon all sewage being pumped within an 18 hour day with a peak flow factor of 2.5 times and average of 30 GPD per person for campers and 5 GPD per person for picnickers using waterborne toilets. Minimum size for force mains is 4-inch diameter.



Sewage treatment is to be in accordance with the requirements of the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, and Corps of Engineers Memorandum EM 1110-1-400 "Planning and Design Criteria" and other standards and conditions as required by the Corps of Engineers. Facility loading is based upon all camping spaces fully occupied on a weekend day without any additional overflows permitted to occur during seasonal or holiday peaks. The main sewage treatment facility at Wappapello Lake is a land application method. This method of treatment has been found to be more economical with regard to operation and maintenance than the package treatment plants. Two package extended aeration treatment plants have been eliminated at Wappapello Lake since the last update. The land application method of wastewater meets the Missouri Department of Natural Resources requirements and provides the same or better level of treatment as the package treatment facilities.



2. Water System. Water systems design is to be in accordance with the requirements of the Corps of Engineers Memorandum EM 1110-1-400, "Planning and Design Criteria," and other standards and conditions as required by the Corps of Engineers. At the present time, wells provide for all water needs at Wappapello Lake. Wells are constructed to standards mandated by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources for public water supply wells. Water storage is sized on case by case basis as dictated by facilities to be served.




Domestic water demand is based upon 30 GPD average per person assuming that all water consumed in one day is used within 18 hours. The maximum hourly rate of demand is based upon a peak factor of 2.5 times average flow.



Main sizing is based upon peak domestic rate of flow to maintain required residual pressures for flush valves. Looping of water lines has not been provided. Sizing of service line to buildings is based upon fixture units flow requirements in accordance with the National Plumbing Code.



The possibility of connection to Wayne County Public Supply District #4 will be considered in the future as a supply of water at certain recreation areas.

9.11 POLICIES AND PROCEDURES PUBLICATIONS

1. General policies and procedures for planning, design , operation, and maintenance of recreation facilities at USACE Civil Works projects are given in engineers manuals (EM), engineers regulations (ER), and engineer pamphlets (EP) referenced below:



1. EM 1110-1-400. Recreation Planning and Design Criteria.



2. ER 1110-2-400. Design of Recreation Sites, Area, and Facilities.



3. ER 1110-2-102. Design Features to Make Building and Facilities Accessible to and Usable by the physically handicapped.



4. EP 1130-2-550. Chapter 3: Project Master Plans and Operational Management Plans.



5. ER 1130-2-400. Recreation-Resource Management of Civil Works Water Resource Projects.



6. ER 1165-2-400. Recreational Planning, Development, and Management Policies.



7. EP 310-1-6. Graphic Standards Manual.



8. EP 310-1-6a and b. Sign Standards Manual.